References D–G
Sources behind the Memletics manual with titles D–G — part of the full bibliography. Reliability: A peer-reviewed/meta · B academic · C book/expert · D web · E commercial.
D
- C DEA 350: Ambient Environment — Thermal Conditions / Health & Performance (2003) · Cornell University Ergonomics Web Cited on: Physical State, Health, Environment
- A Dealing With Feeling: A Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Strategies Derived From the Process Model of Emotion Regulation — Webb, Thomas L., Miles, Eleanor, Sheeran, Paschal (2012)source Cited on: Working through negative experiences
- B Decay theory (overview of evidence on temporal decay vs. interference as causes of forgetting) — Wikipedia contributors (review of decay vs. interference literature) (2025) · Wikipedia / cited primary literaturesource Cited on: No Review
- B Decreased memory performance in healthy humans induced by stress-level cortisol treatment — Newcomer JW, Selke G, Melson AK et al. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry Cited on: Mental State, Mental Health, Mental Relaxation
- C Dehydration and the Pilot — Rogers V. Shaw II (2000) · Federal Air Surgeon's Medical Bulletin Cited on: Cell State, Health, Water
- A Dehydration Impairs Cognitive Performance: A Meta-analysis — Wittbrodt, Matthew T., Millard-Stafford, Melinda (2018)source Cited on: Supplements: what actually helps (mostly the basics), Glucose: fuel for thinking, Oxygen and your brain, The basics your brain runs on, Water and hydration
- A Deliberate practice and performance in music, games, sports, education, and professions: A meta-analysis — Macnamara, Brooke N., Hambrick, David Z., Oswald, Frederick L. (2014)source Cited on: Deliberate practice: targeted effort with feedback
- A Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission — Livingston, Gill, Huntley, Jonathan, Sommerlad, Andrew et al. (2020)source Cited on: The Memletics overview
- D Depression: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment — Joseph M. Carver (2002) · MH Sanctuary (mhsanctuary.com)source Cited on: Concentration, Mental Health, Mental Relaxation
- A Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory — Craik, Fergus I. M., Tulving, Endel (1975)source Cited on: Association: the engine behind memory techniques
- C Determinants of Skill Transfer from Training to Competing — R.W. Christina (2002) · Tom Kohl's Volleyball Page (home.woh.rr.com/tkohl)source Cited on: Variation, Skill Learning, Overlearning
- D Developing Imagery Skills — Brian Mac (2001) · Sports Coach (brianmac.demon.co.uk) Cited on: Principles, Mental Practice, Scripting
- C Developmental Neurobiology (Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, Section 1.3) — Kathryn J. Kotrla, Daniel R. Weinberger (2000) Cited on: Skill Learning, Cell State, Learning State, Mental Fitness
- C Dietary Antioxidants Improve Lung Function — Margaret A. Inman (2000) · Respiratory Reviews Cited on: Supplements, Nutrients, Oxygen
- A Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025 — U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2020)source Cited on: Feeding your brain: the basics
- B Different Strokes for Different Folks? A Critique of Learning Styles — Steven A. Stahl (1999) · American Educator Cited on: Basis, The 7 Learning Styles Explained — Free Quiz Inside, Expand
- A Distributed Practice in Verbal Recall Tasks: A Review and Quantitative Synthesis — Cepeda, Nicholas J., Pashler, Harold, Vul, Edward et al. (2006) · Psychological Bulletinsource Cited on: Problems, Desirable difficulties: why easy learning fails, How memory works: working and long-term memory, How learning works, Spaced-repetition and study apps that actually help, Spacing: distribute your practice over time, Proven learning methods, Manage your time and energy, Build your study plan, Analysing and classifying, Lesson Reviews, Overlearning
- B Diverse synaptic mechanisms underlying learning and memory consolidation — (review in Current Opinion in Neurobiology) (2025) · Current Opinion in Neurobiologysource Cited on: Reinforce
- A Do 'Brain-Training' Programs Work? — Simons, Daniel J., Boot, Walter R., Charness, Neil et al. (2016)source Cited on: What doesn't work: learning myths and weak methods, Keeping your mind sharp, Your mental state for learning
- A Do team and individual debriefs enhance performance? A meta-analysis — Scott I. Tannenbaum, Christopher P. Cerasoli (2013) · Human Factorssource Cited on: Lesson Reviews
- B Does difficulty moderate learning? A comparative analysis of the desirable difficulties framework and cognitive load theory — Pyke, Lunau & Javadi (2025) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychologysource Cited on: The \"WOW\" factor
- A Does far transfer exist? Negative evidence from chess, music, and working memory training — Sala, Giovanni, Gobet, Fernand (2017)source Cited on: Transfer: making learning stick beyond the test, Keeping your mind sharp
- A Does mental practice enhance performance? — Driskell, James E., Copper, Carolyn, Moran, Aidan (1994)source Cited on: The physical (kinaesthetic) preference, Solitary, Keep a learning log, Visualization, The Memletics overview, How skills are learned, Scripting: rehearsing what you will say and do, Principles of visualisation, Mental practice and rehearsal
- B Does mental practice still enhance performance? A 24-year follow-up and meta-analytic replication and extension — (meta-analytic replication of Driskell et al. 1994) (2019) · Psychology of Sport and Exercise (ScienceDirect)source Cited on: Skills Test
- A Does monitoring goal progress promote goal attainment? A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence — Harkin, Benjamin, Webb, Thomas L., Chang, Betty P. I. et al. (2016) · Psychological Bulletin, 142(2), 198-229source Cited on: Track, Further Points, Management, Keep a learning log
- B Does multisensory study benefit memory for pictures and sounds? — Hendriks, Verkoeijen, Pecher (multisensory study series) (2023) · Acta Psychologica / Cognition (Elsevier)source Cited on: Association Issues
- B Does negotiation training improve negotiators' performance? — Eman ElShenawy (2010) · Journal of European Industrial Training, 34(3)source Cited on: Role Playing
- D Drawing on The Right Side of The Conclusions: What Neuroscience Really Says About The Notion of Left & Right-Brained Humans — Brett Blatchley (1998) · Personal academic website (linus.highpoint.edu) Cited on: Basis, The 7 Learning Styles Explained — Free Quiz Inside, Comparison
E
- B Eastern Air Lines Flight 401 (NTSB probable-cause and accident facts) — U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB-AAR-73-14), as documented by Wikipedia / FAA Lessons Learned (1973) · NTSB Aircraft Accident Report; en.wikipedia.org / faa.gov lessons_learnedsource Cited on: Others' Mistakes
- A Educational Psychology: A Cognitive View — Ausubel, David P. (1968) Cited on: Map your course
- A Effect of active learning versus traditional lecturing on the learning achievement of college students in humanities and social sciences: a meta-analysis — et al. (2022) · Educational meta-analysis (95 effect sizes)source Cited on: Reasons
- B Effect of levels-of-processing on rates of forgetting — Memory & Cognition (levels-of-processing / forgetting study) (2024) · Memory & Cognition (Springer)source Cited on: Association Issues
- A Effect of Overlearning on Retention — Driskell, James E., Willis, Ruth P., Copper, Carolyn (1992)source Cited on: Performance and skill learning
- A Effectiveness of error management training: A meta-analysis — Keith, N., & Frese, M. (2008) · Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 59–69source Cited on: Review Log
- A Effectiveness of part-task training and increasing-difficulty training strategies: a meta-analysis approach — Wightman & Lintern tradition; meta-analysis (Naylor/Briggs lineage, PubMed 23691838) (2013) · Human Factors (meta-analysis)source Cited on: Prepare, Retention, Role Playing
- A Effectiveness of Role-play Method: A Meta-analysis — Authors in International Journal of Instruction (2025) · International Journal of Instruction, 18(1)source Cited on: Physical, Social, Role Playing
- A Effectiveness of Self-Affirmation Interventions in Educational Settings: A Meta-Analysis — Escobar-Soler C, Berrios R, Penaloza-Diaz G, Melis-Rivera C, Caqueo-Urizar A, Ponce-Correa F, Flores J (2023) · Healthcare (Basel)source Cited on: Triggers, Balanced Model, Review Log
- B Effectiveness of Self-paced and Instructor-led Online Learning (and related comparisons) — Various (instructor-led vs self-paced comparisons) (2024) · Online/medical education studiessource Cited on: Plan
- A Effects of cooperative learning on students' learning outcomes in physical education: a meta-analysis — Boke et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychologysource Cited on: Social
- A Effects of display resolution on visual performance — Ziefle, M. (1998) · Human Factorssource Cited on: Reading fluency, Speed Reading course, Speed Reading Course: Read Faster, Learn More
- A Effects of hydration status on cognitive performance and mood — Masento, Natalie A., Golightly, Mark, Field, David T. et al. (2014)source Cited on: Feeding your brain: the basics
- B Effects of Interruption Length on Procedural Errors — Erik M. Altmann, J. Gregory Trafton, David Z. Hambrick (2017) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 23(2), 216-229source Cited on: After Learning
- B Effects of Knowledge Organization on Task Performance — Bat-Sheva Eylon, Frederick Reif (1984) · Cognition and Instruction, 1(1), 5-44source Cited on: Course Map
- B Effects of progressive relaxation and classical music on measurements of attention, relaxation, and stress responses — Scheufele, P. M. (2000) · Journal of Behavioral Medicinesource Cited on: Concentration, Mental Relaxation, Relaxation
- B Effects of Public Commitments and Accountability in a Technology-Supported Physical Activity Intervention — Authors (Proc. CHI 2015) (2015) · Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systemssource Cited on: Social
- A Effects of Self-Talk: A Systematic Review — Tod, David, Hardy, James, Oliver, Emily J. (2011)source Cited on: Managing unhelpful thoughts, Verbalising: self-talk and self-explanation
- A Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition — Lupien, Sonia J., McEwen, Bruce S., Gunnar, Megan R. et al. (2009)source Cited on: Emotion and learning, Mental health and learning, Your mental state for learning
- A Effects of voluntary slow breathing on heart rate and heart rate variability: A systematic review and a meta-analysis — Laborde, Sylvain, Allen, Mark S., Borges, Uirassu et al. (2022)source Cited on: Under pressure in the moment
- A Efficacy of Progressive Muscle Relaxation in Adults for Stress, Anxiety, and Depression: A Systematic Review — Toussaint, et al. (2024) · Psychology Research and Behavior Managementsource Cited on: Overview
- B Eighty-six billion and counting: do we know the number of neurons in the human brain? — Alain Goriely (2024) · Brain (Oxford University Press)source Cited on: Overview
- A Eliciting self-explanations improves understanding — Chi, Michelene T. H., de Leeuw, Nicholas, Chiu, Mei-Hung et al. (1994)source Cited on: Aural, Solitary, Elaboration: explain and connect
- A Emotion regulation: affective, cognitive, and social consequences — Gross, James J. (2002)source Cited on: Mental health and learning
- A Emotion regulation: Current status and future prospects — Gross, James J. (2015)source Cited on: Assumptions
- A Emotional impact of using different sensory modalities for autobiographical activation: a systematic review and meta-analysis — Dolores Fernandez-Perez, Beatriz Navarro-Bravo, Abel Toledano-Gonzalez, Jorge Javier Ricarte, Jose Miguel Latorre-Postigo, Laura Ros (2025) · Frontiers in Psychologysource Cited on: Positive
- B Encoding variability explains the multisensory benefit in recognition memory — Daan Hendriks, Peter Verkoeijen, Diane Pecher (2024) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognitionsource Cited on: Association Issues
- A Enhanced memory for emotional material following stress-level cortisol treatment in humans — Buchanan TW, Lovallo WR (2001) · Psychoneuroendocrinologysource Cited on: Principles, Mental State, Mental Health
- A Enhancing and undermining intrinsic motivation: The effects of task-involving and ego-involving evaluation on interest and performance — Butler, Ruth (1988)source Cited on: Feedback: the modern model, Use feedback well, as you go
- C Enhancing Human Performance: Issues, Theories, and Techniques — Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council (1988) Cited on: Skill Learning, Rhythms, Mental Health, Overlearning
- B Enhancing reading speed: the reading acceleration effect in Italian adult readers — Zamfira, D. A., Di Dona, G., Battista, et al. (incl. Ronconi) (2024) · Frontiers in Psychologysource Cited on: Courses
- A Environmental context-dependent memory: A review and meta-analysis — Smith, Steven M., Vela, Edward (2001)source Cited on: Performing under pressure
- A Epidemiology of the human circadian clock — Roenneberg, Till, Kuehnle, Tim, Juda, Myriam (2007)source Cited on: Sleep: where learning gets consolidated
- B Equal numbers of neuronal and nonneuronal cells make the human brain an isometrically scaled-up primate brain — Azevedo, Carvalho, Grinberg, Farfel, Ferretti, Leite, Filho, Lent, Herculano-Houzel (2009) · Journal of Comparative Neurologysource Cited on: Overview
- B Ergonomics Considerations of LCD versus CRT Displays — Alan Hedge (2003) · Cornell University, Dept. of Design & Environmental Analysis Cited on: Environment, Reading fluency, Speed Reading course
- D 'Everyday' Hypnosis and Ultradian Rhythms (2003) · Uncommon Knowledge Cited on: Rhythms, Mental Relaxation, Relaxation
- A Examining Productive Failure, Productive Success, Unproductive Failure, and Unproductive Success in Learning — Kapur, Manu (2016)source Cited on: A balanced view of failure
- A Executive control of cognitive processes in task switching — Rubinstein, Joshua S., Meyer, David E., Evans, Jeffrey E. (2001)source Cited on: Attention and focus in a connected world, Your learning environment
- A Executive functions — Diamond, Adele (2013)source Cited on: Your learning state, Your body and learning
- A Exercise as a treatment for depression: a meta-analysis adjusting for publication bias — Schuch, Felipe B., Vancampfort, Davy, Richards, Justin et al. (2016)source Cited on: Mental health and learning, Exercise and the learning brain
- A Exercise interventions for cognitive function in adults older than 50: a systematic review with meta-analysis — Northey, Joseph M., Cherbuin, Nicolas, Pumpa, Kate L. et al. (2018)source Cited on: Supplements: what actually helps (mostly the basics), Keeping your mind sharp, Exercise and the learning brain, Your body and learning
- E Exercise Physiology — WaterRower (2002) · BodyTrends.com Cited on: Cell State, Oxygen, Physical Fitness
- A Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory — Erickson, Kirk I., Voss, Michelle W., Prakash, Ruchika Shaurya et al. (2011)source Cited on: Keeping your mind sharp, Exercise and the learning brain, General health and learning, Your body and learning
- D Exercise Walking and Your Feet: Information from the APMA (2002) · American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA)source Cited on: Physical Fitness, Physical State, Health
- B Exercise, experience and the aging brain — Churchill JD, Galvez R, Colcombe S et al. (2002) · Neurobiology of Agingsource ✓ Cited on: Mental Fitness, Physical Fitness, Physical State
- A Expectancy–Value Theory of Achievement Motivation — Wigfield, Allan, Eccles, Jacquelynne S. (2000)source Cited on: A positive, realistic attitude
- A Experimental disclosure and its moderators: a meta-analysis — Frattaroli, Joanne (2006)source Cited on: Fear of the unknown, Fear of Success
- C Experimental Typography: Legibility of Print (Book Review of Tinker) — Christian Marc Schmidt (2003) · Parsons School of Design, Communication Design Department, New School University Cited on: Reading fluency, Speed Reading course, Speed Reading Course: Read Faster, Learn More
- B Exploring the contributions of declarative and procedural information to training: a test of the procedural reinstatement principle — (declarative vs procedural memory literature; e.g. Kim, Ritter & Koubek skill-retention model) (2013) · Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition / cognitive-science literaturesource Cited on: Reinforce
- D External Memory Aids (2000) · The Memory Key (memory-key.com)source Cited on: Flashcards, Collection, Physical
- D Eye correction is seriously short sighted (2002) · New Scientistsource Cited on: Assumptions, Speed Reading course
- D Eye Test for Macular Degeneration (2004) · Eyesight.orgsource Cited on: Health, Speed Reading course
F
- B Facilitating goal setting and planning to enhance online self-regulation of learning — Yamada, et al. (2021) · Computers in Human Behavior (ScienceDirect)source Cited on: Plan
- A Factors That Influence Skill Decay and Retention: A Quantitative Review and Analysis — Winfred Arthur Jr., Winston Bennett Jr., Pamela L. Stanush, Theresa L. McNelly (1998) · Human Performance 11(1), 57–57101 (meta-analysis)source Cited on: Costs
- D Fats Build Your Brain (2003) · The Franklin Institute Online Cited on: Supplements, Nutrients, Cell State
- D Fear of Failure — Bobby Aldighieri (2002) · Mogul Logic (mogullogic.com)source ✗ Cited on: Fear of Failure, Own Mistakes, Assertions
- A Fear one, fear them all: A systematic review and meta-analysis of fear generalization in pathological anxiety — Carolin Fraunfelter; Antje B. M. Gerdes; Georg W. Alpers (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 139, 104707source Cited on: Final Note
- D First Letter Mnemonics, Acronyms, and Acrostics — Rick Brigham (2000) · Mnemonic Instruction (University of Virginia class web project) Cited on: Chunking, Mnemonics, Mnemonics
- D Flashcards as an Aid to Memory (2002) · Rock Valley College Peer Learning Center / NIU Counseling and Development Center Study Skills Lab Cited on: Repetition, Flashcards, Collection
- D Flashcards: An Aid to Memory (2002) · Academic Assistance (Ramstad 112)source Cited on: Repetition, Flashcards, Scheduled Review
- D Flight Simulator Community — Ethan Kent (2002) · The Internet Encyclopedia of Technology and Culturesource Cited on: Fidelity, Simulators, Simulation
- A Flight simulator training effectiveness: a meta-analysis — Hays, R. T., Jacobs, J. W., Prince, C. et al. (1992)source Cited on: Fidelity and cues: how realistic does practice need to be?, What simulation does well (and where it falls short), Getting the most from simulators, Simulation: practising the real thing safely
- B Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience — Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly (1990) Cited on: Stay focused and enjoy it
- A Focus on formative feedback — Shute, Valerie J. (2008)source Cited on: A balanced view of failure, Feedback: the modern model, Use feedback well, as you go
- B Focus on Small Steps First, Then Shift to the Larger Goal (research by Szu-chi Huang and Jennifer Aaker) — Szu-chi Huang, Jennifer Aaker (2019) · Stanford Graduate School of Business Insights (summarizing Journal of Personality and Social Psychology research)source Cited on: Track
- D Food Colorings: Pigments make fruits and veggies extra healthful — Janet Raloff (2005) · Science News Onlinesource Cited on: Supplements, Nutrients, Health
- D For the Love of Words: Help Your Child Build a Rich Vocabulary — Susan Canizares (2004) · Scholastic Early Learner (scholastic.com)source Cited on: Vocabulary, Speed Reading Course: Read Faster, Learn More
- E Frasca International's Position on PCATDs — Rudy Frasca (1997) · Frasca International (frasca.com)source Cited on: Fidelity, Simulators, Part-Task Training: Break Down Complex Skills
- D From Thomas Armstrong's 7 Intelligences: Self-Assessment Checklist — Armstrong, Thomas (2002) · Stanford University Urchin Groupsource Cited on: Basis, The 7 Learning Styles Explained — Free Quiz Inside, Questionnaire
- A Full-spectrum fluorescent lighting: a review of its effects on physiology and health — McColl, Shelley L., Veitch, Jennifer A. (2001) · Psychological Medicine Cited on: Physical State, Health, Environment
G
- D General Physical Fitness (1996) · Creative Brain (members.ozemail.com.au/~caveman)source Cited on: Oxygen, Rhythms, Physical Fitness
- D General Principles of Motivation (2002) · Honolulu Community College Faculty Guidebook: Teaching Tipssource Cited on: Conflicts, Motivation, Review Goals
- C Getting to Know Your Textbook (2001) · Academic Skills Center, Dartmouth College Cited on: Sources, Skim reading, Reading paths
- A Ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia — Birks, Jacqueline, Grimley Evans, John (2009)source Cited on: Supplements: what actually helps (mostly the basics)
- B Ginkgo biloba Studies: Selected Research Abstracts (1996) · Thorne Research (thorne.com) Cited on: Supplements, Oxygen, Health
- B Ginkgo for memory enhancement: a randomized controlled trial — Solomon PR, Adams F, Silver A et al. (2002) · JAMAsource Cited on: Supplements, Nutrients, Physical State
- A "Give me a break!" A systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of micro-breaks for increasing well-being and performance — Albulescu, P.; Macsinga, I.; Rusu, A.; Sulea, C.; Bostan, C.; Tulbure, B. T. (2022) · PLoS ONE 17(8):e0272460source Cited on: Further Points
- A Goal commitment and the goal-setting process: conceptual clarification and empirical synthesis — Howard J. Klein, Michael J. Wesson, et al. (1999) · Journal of Applied Psychology (meta-analysis, 83 samples)source Cited on: Reasons
- A Goal setting in higher education: how, why, and when are students prompted to set goals? A systematic review — Martins van Jaarsveld, et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Educationsource Cited on: Plan
- B Goal-setting theory: commitment and goal importance as moderators of the goal-performance relationship — Locke, E. A.; Latham, G. P. (2002 (American Psychologist) and subsequent reviews) · Goal-setting theory (American Psychologist 57; later reviews)source Cited on: Further Points
- D Going Beyond: Software and the Mind — Bruce Ehrlich (1997) · SelfGrowth.comsource Cited on: Mental Fitness, Comparison, Mental Relaxation
- C Good sleep, good learning, good life — Piotr Wozniak (2000) · SuperMemo (supermemo.com) Cited on: Repetition, Rhythms, Physical State
- A Google Effects on Memory: Cognitive Consequences of Having Information at Our Fingertips — Sparrow, Betsy, Liu, Jenny, Wegner, Daniel M. (2011)source Cited on: AI tutors and chatbots: use them without outsourcing your thinking
- A 50 Great Myths of Popular Psychology: Shattering Widespread Misconceptions about Human Behavior — Lilienfeld, Scott O., Lynn, Steven Jay, Ruscio, John et al. (2010)source Cited on: What doesn't work: learning myths and weak methods
- A Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition — Hall, John E., Hall, Michael E. (2020) Cited on: Oxygen and your brain